Investing Reflections On India

Sri Lakshmi Saraswathi is in the business of manufacturing yarn used for making woven and knitted fabrics. The company has reported reasonable operating profitability (for a textile business) over the last five years including a spurt in recent performance with operating profits of 14cr on revenues of about 100cr.  It generated this performance, however, with slightly uncomfortable debt levels (though manageable if the recent performance continues) in relation to accounting net worth.  The business is exposed to myriad problems of rising cotton prices, heavy government regulations and frequent arbitrary intrusion through implementation of the ‘quota’ system for exports of yarn as well as cotton (raw material) impacting their prices (usually adversely), persistent oversupply of yarn capacity in Tamil Nadu as compared to fabric capacity (resulting in greater bargaining power for customers), power shortages, wage increases, foreign exchange rate risks on exports, etc. M

KEW Industries is in the business of manufacturing shell body, auto components and other steel products for the defence and automobile industries. The company reported stable operating profits on similarly stable revenue over the last five years with a spurt in revenues in the last financial year – reporting about 11cr of operating profits on about 100cr of revenues.  It employed moderate debt in relation to accounting net worth to accomplish the performance. The company has, however, generated negative free cash flows in the last five years (a combination of operating cash outflows and capital expenditure)  requiring additional equity and debt financing – thereby diluting former minority shareholders and increasing the financial risk of their investments. The business is primarily exposed to price rises in steel (principal raw material).  It is also exposed to significant power shortages and persistent labour wage rises. Predictably, management haven’t declared divid

Fenoplast is in the business of manufacturing PVC Leather cloth for the automobile industry and PVC Film for the pharmaceutical industry.  It is also attempting to expand its product range to visual packaging (garments, electronic hardware etc.) and the leather footwear segments along with other areas. The company has reported consistent growth in revenues and operating profits over the last five years – reporting almost 15cr in operating profits on revenues of almost 180cr. However, it employed about 50cr in debt financing to generate the above results, which appears uncomfortable and puts the company in a vulnerable position – particularly in the event of a rising interest-rate environment and/or economic slowdown The business is exposed to the risks of rising global petrol prices (raw material) and its fortunes are tied into those of the automobile and pharmaceutical industries – which are, in turn, exposed to the risks of high interest rates, excessive competition et

Cheviot is in the business of manufacturing jute sacking products for packaging (e.g. food grains, sugar etc.) and selling of jute yarn to domestic and export markets. The company has reported stable revenues and profits in the last five years apart from the last financial year, which was abnormally good as a result of higher jute yarn realisations in overseas markets on the back of short supply that lasted only the first six months of the last financial year.   The company has reported average operating profits of about 28cr on revenues of about 180cr in the last five years. It generated the above results with no net debt and owned liquid securities approximating 100cr in market value as at 31 st March, 2011. The business is primarily exposed to the risks of cheap imports from Bangladesh and removal of favourable government policies on jute packaging requirements (due to the industry’s large labour force) because of its high price relative to alternative packaging mate

Austin Engineering Company (AEC) is in the business of manufacturing bearings for use in various basic industries such as automotive, defense, steel, cement, sugar, paper, agro-machinery etc. AEC has been operating in this industry for the last 30+ years and has an established brand name (‘AECL’) in the domestic bearing market with a wide distribution network and an established customer base. The company has reported reasonably stable operating profits on similarly stable revenues over the last five years barring the last financial year when it reported depressed operating profits of 6cr on revenues of about 80cr.   Previously, it reported average operating profits of about 12cr in the last five years.   It employed minimal net debt (4cr) to generate these results.   Due to the nature of its business, which requires relatively high stocking of inventory, the company has to invest in its working capital that negatively impacts its operating cash flows – but not too signif

Sam Industries operates in three business segments i.e. Soy Products, Welding and Real Estate. It is a supplier of soy products including de-oiled cakes oil etc., welding products and invests in real estate ventures including housing construction and sale. The company has reported erratic revenues and profits over the last five years – reporting a net operating loss of 3cr on revenues of 24cr in the last financial year.  However, it had minimal net debt as at last financial year end. The soy business is exposed to the risks of fluctuating soy seed prices, which is dependent on monsoon conditions.  The welding business is exposed to the cyclical metal industries.  The real estate venture appears to indicate a lack of focus and is subject to the risks of interest rate cyclicality, high competition, execution delays etc. Management does not declare dividends despite lack of profitable growth in its core businesses.  Instead they have made unwarranted forays into real es

Lanco Industries is in the business of manufacturing Ductile Iron (DI) pipes used for water transportation.   It supplies primarily to government, state and municipal boards. The company has reported consistent growth in revenues and operating profits over the last five years – generating over 85cr in operating profits on revenues of about 725cr in the last financial year while employing a high net debt load of over 340cr. The company is highly leveraged and has significant resources tied up in working capital, thereby impacting its operating cash flows. The business is dependent on iron ore and coking coal supplies and prices.   It is also exposed to high competition and capacity additions.   Moreover, it runs the specific risk of delayed payments by government boards, who seem to have a reputation for it.